The training is valuable for every workplace and society. You can prepare for each section separately with our IELTS mock test questions and IELTS sample tests. Find out more. 09December1:30pm. But before starting a full-length mock test, candidates should attempt a few section-wise mocks to help them analyze their weak points. As the Speaking questions and topics are the same for both tests, you can be sure that the practice material provided here is suitable for you, whichever version of the IELTS test you are taking. Find out which test is best for you, and choose between our IELTS on paper and IELTS on computer which are both delivered in one of our official test centres. The exam treats all test-taking participants with respect and fairness. Just like IELTS Academic, for the General Training Writing test you also have to complete two tasks. Hasil IELTS yang valid diakui oleh lebih dari 11,500 organisasi, termasuk lembaga pendidikan, perusahaan. If you take a IELTS on paper test. Create an account with the British Council. With these official practice materials you can: get used to the test format. The remaining 40 minutes can be spent on. Reading. You will be asked to write an essay in response to a point of view, argument or problem. All Cambridge Academic IELTS Books 1-18 Pdf + Audio For Free. Read the text below and answer questions 15-21. Sample questions. CEF Level: C1 - C2. The final two parts are concerned with situations related to educational or training contexts. Chỉ nghe, đọc mà không ghi chép những từ vựng mới, các cụm từ hay…. To help you get ready, here are some sample tests for the General Training test. Candidates looking to take the IELTS exam are required to pay an IELTS Registration Fee of INR 16,250 every time they book their IELTS exam. Regarding some other important points of. A refund/ cancellation/transfer is only allowed in exceptional cases. Test dates, fees and locations. When you book your IELTS test with the British Council, the test will take place in an official British Council IELTS test centre, whether you choose to take it on paper or a computer. Student testimonials from Korea. The overall general training IELTS score is calculated by averaging the scores from. IELTS success begins here. Use the tool below to find the test options nearest you. Cambridge General Training 12 PDF. Task 1 GT is a letter. Your final score is given as a band score from 1–9 in whole or half bands, e. , you may learn. Format: There are four sections to the test: Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking. 6 out of 5 3163 reviews 14 total hours 37 lectures All Levels Current price: $12. You can choose either an edition containing four complete tests for the Academic module or for the General Training module. say how well you know your friend. The General Training Speaking test takes between 11 and 14 minutes and consists of 3 parts. Flow-chart completion sample task To help you get ready, here are some sample tests for the Academic test. Book your test today. Australia, Canada, New Zealand, UK) or if you are selecting candidates who wish to train or study at below degree level. The total test time is approximately 2 hours and 45 minutes. Cambridge IELTS General training 11-16, đây là bộ giáo trình chuẩn sát nhất với đề thi IELTS thật. All parts of the test and the overall band score are reported in whole or half bands, e. The question paper tells you what information to include in the form of three bullet points. Section 2 comprises two texts. PART 3: Discussion topics: Difficult jobs & Personal and career success…. You will be assigned a band score for each component ( Writing, Speaking, Listening and Reading) and then an overall. Speaking. The last component is a speaking test done in the presence of an examiner. See what test takers say about their IELTS experience. Sylhet. Before starting the first practice task, you might like to set an alert to make sure you don’t go too far over. It is clearly organized with each key point being addressed in a separate paragraph. Flow-chart completion sample taskTo help you get ready, here are some sample tests for the Academic test. The second part is a cue card and you’re expected to speak on the same for 2-3 minutes. Our free online IELTS. The link you followed may be broken or we may have removed the page. Cambridge General Training 16 PDF. Task 1. It's the only non-academic test recognised for migration, secondary education and work experience in Australia. Also, you can use the question as a ready. I am. The International English Language Testing System (IELTS / ˈ aɪ. Find more similar flip PDFs like IELTS General Training 17 with answers. Apply for an extension to a family, spouse of partner visaMost employers and universities worldwide accept the academic version, while the general training version is accepted by government institutions and used for immigration. If you are applying for a UK visa to work, study or live in the UK, you might need to take IELTS for UKVI (UK Visas and Immigration) Academic or General Training test, or the IELTS Life Skills test, to prove your English proficiency. It is a typical formal letter that can appear in IELTS GT writing task 1. The IELTS test assesses Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking. Questions 29-40. . The mock test covers all four parts of the test with newly-authored IELTS material pretested by the IELTS partners. g. Since its opening in 2009, UNIST has truly become one of the world’s leading science and technology universities. In the real IELTS General Training Writing test, you will have one hour to complete both of the two set writing tasks. Địa chỉ đăng kí thi IELTS General Training; 5. experience the types of tasks involved. See what test takers say about their IELTS experience. An introduction to these different modules is included in each book. Cue Card # 214: A part-time job you wish to pursue abroad. Durban. The right test for you will depend on whether your main goal is to study or to work in your chosen country. You can useThis is the second section of the IELTS General Training Reading test. +95 9 751 444167. In General Training Writing Task 1, you are given a situation and you need to write a response of at least 150 words in the form of a letter. Chungdahm Learning: This hagwon has more than 100 locations across South Korea. Duration: 2 hours and 45 minutes. Dmitry knows both the format of Telc German exams and how to help with general German grammar and. Beneficial work practices for the keyboard operator. IELTS test dates are offered upto 4 times in a month making a total of 48 fixed test dates in one calendar year. The training is also useful for those who are below the degree level. Task 1. The question may ask you to write an essay analysing a claim regarding a current problem, discussing two opposing viewpoints and/or your opinion on a given topic. With these official practice materials you can: get used to the test format. When you book your IELTS test with the British Council, the test will take. Official website for IELTS Australia. These texts include extracts from books, magazines, newspapers, notices, advertisements, company handbooks and guidelines. Book your test today. Discover exam resources, practice materials, test centre locations, results and more. General Training Reading & Writing Practice Test - IELTS IDP INDIA. Test Report Form (TRF), Sertifikat IELTS Resmi. Prepare for IELTS General Training. Francis Carlisle: Last. The test can be done online from anywhere, or walk-in at IALF Gading Serpong. Welcome to the IELTS registration system in support of a UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) application. Access free British Council IELTS preparation material online to help you get ready for your exam and succeed on test day! Click now to start your journey. We offer tests in 6 big cities including Seoul, Incheon, Daejeon, Daegu, Gwangju, and Busan across Korea, at affordable prices. Start your Listening practice test. It focuses mainly on assessing a person’s proficiency, confidence and comfort when communicating in English in daily situations that you are likely to encounter in a native English-speaking environment. Fill in the gaps. 0 and above, this study guide has EVERYTHING you need to prepare for IELTS Academic or General Training. E-mail: amazingtalker@amazingtalker. In Section 3, there is one long text. IELTS General Training is for people who wish to study, live or work abroad in an English-speaking country. 12th or 13th or 14th July 6pm–9pm. The general training IELTS recalls tasks. g. Listening, Reading and Writing are conducted on a computer under authentic IELTS Computer-delivered exam conditions. UNIST is a warm and welcoming post-secondary institution located in the heart of Korea’s largest industrial city, Ulsan, South Korea. You would have to read for gist, main ideas, details, logical arguments, skimming, and figuring out the writers’ attitudes, opinions and intentions. How to approach General Training Writing Task 1. Section 1 may contain two or three short texts or several shorter texts. However, the Reading and Writing sections of these tests differ. view test. You can also access a number of online resources and IELTS study materials from the British. Hope you will have some useful knowledge with this test. IELTS success begins here. ISBN: 9781009275194. Listening practice is the best approach to improving your listening skills. Read the piece and answer the questions. EnglishScore Tutors - IELTS preparation tutoring . The General Training IELTS for UKVI Speaking consists of 3 sections. The test fee includes free exclusive preparation materials, practice tests and much more. Computer-delivered. , you may learn. The first two parts are concerned with social needs. You will be allowed 1 hour to complete two tasks in the IELTS General Training Writing test. When you book your IELTS test with the British Council, the test will take place in an official British Council IELTS test centre, whether you choose IELTS on paper or computer. English Type: International English. Book now IELTS Life Skills (A1 and B1) QAR. IELTS One Skill Retake. The test-taker is required to write about general topics instead of academic ones. The question paper tells you what information to include in the form of three bullet points. AED 1,340. Free General Training practice tests with British Council. Mức lệ phí thi IELTS được Hội đồng Anh (British Council) và Hội đồng Úc (IDP) quy định chính thức là 4. One of your friends wants to apply for a job at a summer school camp as a sports trainer. In the General Training test, you will have only 60 minutes to complete the test. g. IELTS General Training Test. g. Need a IELTS test prep tutor near Daegu? Take IELTS test prep classes over live 1-on-1 video from $3/lesson. If you need a visa for working or studying in the UK, then in some cases you may need to take IELTS for UK Visas and Immigration or IELTS Life Skills. Mỗi câu trả lời đúng được 1 điểm, tổng là 40 điểm được qui thành thang điểm IELTS 9-band scale. IELTS là gì? IELTS viết tắt cho International English Language Testing System, tạm dịch là Hệ thống Kiểm tra Anh ngữ Quốc tế với 4 kỹ năng Nghe, Nói, Đọc và Viết. Book now IELTS on Computer for UK Visas and Immigration (Academic and General Training) in centre: QAR 1,320. If you work part-time, you should receive all the entitlements of a full-time employee but on a prorata or proportional basis. You can listen to the recordings on your computer or mobile device. In Task 1 you will be presented with a situation and asked to write a letter requesting information or explaining the situation. In section 1, basic introductory questions about your background, childhood, family, friends, hobbies, etc are asked. Read More. Latihan Bicara Bahasa Inggris dengan Contoh Soal Speaking IELTS. You have approximately 60 minutes to complete this section in total, and it is recommended that you spend around 20 minutes on Writing Task 1. Free online IELTS Speaking practice tests. IELTS General Training for UKVI . Đây là hệ thống kiểm tra tiếng Anh quốc tế quan. * The listening and Speaking components are the same for both IELTS Academic and IELTS General Training. 2. 15 model essays in all question types (IELTS Academic & IELTS General Training) for IELTS preparation in Writing Task 2. Share. IELTS Academic is recommended for either undergraduate or postgraduate study worldwide. Lệ phí và thủ tục đăng ký thi IELTS General Training . These passagesThe Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology is offering fully funded scholarships for international students. Select your. Scroll below and locate your closest IELTS test centre now. 9 juta tes yang telah diambil. Scroll down and choose a date/time that suits you. Product dimensions: 7. . Format: There are four sections to the test: Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking. Cambridge General Training 16 PDF. 아이엘츠 시험 응시료 변경 공지사항 . IELTS is one of the major. 00. Just like IELTS Academic, for the General Training Writing test you also have to complete two tasks. When you book your IELTS test with the British Council, the test will take place in an official British Council IELTS test centre. Cấu trúc 4 phần của bài thi IELTS. Preparing for IELTS requires thorough and focused preparation. 00. IELTS General Training. 5 weeks before a test day to 5 days after a test day. IELTS Exam Fees 2023. get authorisation before setting out to. 반월당역 19번 출구 앞, 현대백화점 맞은편, 컴퓨터/페이퍼 시험 동시 운영 장소. Vì IELTS Academic là cuộc thi đánh giá toàn diện trình độ Anh ngữ của mỗi người nên người tham gia thi phải kiểm tra ở đầy đủ 4 kỹ năng: Nghe, Nói, Đọc, Viết. 11. Furthermore, while Speaking and Listening are. The Speaking test is conducted by an IALF teacher, face-to-face or via Zoom. An introduction to these different modules is included in each book. IELTS Life Skills A1 . Check Pages 1-20 of IELTS General Training 17 with answers in the flip PDF version. Duration: 2 hours and 45. The official IELTS. The essay question format is exactly the same for both. The test fee includes free exclusive preparation materials, practice tests and much more . The letter could be formal or informal and would be about. You can now choose to take the world’s leading English language test at home or in a private location with a stable internet connection. Both GT and Academic IELTS candidates should prepare all topics from this list. Bài thi này được sử dụng để kiểm tra trình độ tiếng Anh của bạn có đủ đáp ứng được yêu cầu sinh sống, giao tiếp và làm việc tại môi. The British Council Ghana offers IELTS tests in four locations: Accra, Kumasi, Tamale and Abidjan (Cote d'Ivoire), with up to two test dates per month. When you book your IELTS test with the British Council, the test will take place in an official British Council IELTS test centre, whether you choose paper-based or computer-delivered. It is suitable for test takers who are going to English-speaking countries to complete their secondary education, undertake work experience or training programs, or to qualify for immigration to Australia, Canada, New Zealand. – Take these tests using a clock and write your answers in the sample answer sheets. You’ll need all of your remaining 40 minutes for Task 2! Don’t write an address. 3. ɛ l t s /) is an international standardized test of English language proficiency for non-native English language speakers. In General Training Writing Task 1, you are given a situation and you need to write a response of at least 150 words in the form of a letter. The IELTS General Training test is designed to help you assess applicants who want to migrate to an English-speaking country, (e. Take this test if you would like to: get a better job in your own country. IELTS General & Academic Writing Task Samples. If you want to emigrate to the UK, find out more about IELTS for UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI). Each organisation sets its own entry requirements. Regarding some other important points of. Below, you can see the full level and course chart. Questions 15-21. In part three you have a two-way discussion with the examiner on. IELTS Writing – this is divided into task 1 and task 2. Upcoming professional development. Duration: 2 hours and 45 minutes. You will hear an extract from a recording in which two people are discussing second-hand furniture. Format: There are four sections to the test: Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking. view test. Book now. You will be presented with a situation and asked to write a letter requesting information or explaining the situation. Format: There are four sections to the test: Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking. English, USD. The format of the IELTS General Training test includes sections like Reading, Listening, Writing, and Speaking. If you are applying for a UK visa to work, study or live in the UK, you might need to take IELTS for UKVI (UK Visas and Immigration) Academic or General Training test, or the IELTS Life Skills test, to prove your English proficiency. This is why an IELTS test score is often a prerequisite for vocational training in construction, hospitality and leisure, and tourism industries. 시험일자 모듈 형식 시험장소 접수하기; 2023-11-24 A @ 9:00 AM: Computer IELTS Gangnam KRW ₩286,000 The IELTS Reading test requires you to answer 40 questions and is designed to test you on an array of reading skills. FrontmatterHome - Ivy English School. It then has a polite closing sentence and the closing salutation. Call +1-833-607-8839. If you want to emigrate to the UK, find out more about IELTS for UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI). Understand the test formats and learn about several question types that you can expect in different test parts. IELTS (Academic and General Training) IELTS for UK Visas and Immigration (Academic and General Training) IELTS Life Skills (A1 and B1) Make sure to check which test you need with the organisations you are applying to. The CELPIP is generally about 3 hours, with the listening portion lasting 47 to 55 minutes and the reading section lasting 55 to 60 minutes. In part three you have a two-way discussion with the examiner on. 09December1:30pm. Test results are available online 13 days after. Before starting the first practice task, you might like to set an alert to make sure you don’t go too far over. IELTS General Training. Khoá học IELTS General Training thiết kế dành riêng cho đối tượng đang tìm kiếm cơ hội việc làm và định cư ở nước ngoài. The General Training IELTS exam is for people who want to immigrate to the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, or New Zealand. Standard IELTS Academic Module or General Training (Paper-based or Computer-based) Php 12,350. San Francisco, CA Need a IELTS test prep tutor near Daegu? Take IELTS test prep classes over live 1-on-1 video from $3/lesson. Whether you’re applying for university, for a visa, or to a professional association– we provide specialist. Familiarise yourself with the IELTS Writing exams with these free online IELTS Writing practice tests, each with. A number of official online practice tests are available for both test types, Academic and General Training. IDP IELTS Australia. Perfect for students at band 4. 10. 1. The General Training version of IELTS measures English language proficiency in a practical, every-day content. 0, 8. IELTS test in the UAE – July 2023 (General Training) IELTS Speaking test in Saudi Arabia and Iran – July 2023. Access free British Council IELTS preparation material online to help you get ready for your exam and succeed on test day! Click now to start your journey. We suggest. The International English Language Testing System (IELTS) measures your language proficiency out of a 9-band score. Learn about the IELTS General Training Reading Test. He'll show you the prompt, talk to you. British Council is a proud co-owner of IELTS. Code B/ED401. Cambridge General Training 15 PDF. 7 May,2022 GT IELTS Leave a comment. The Academic Reading test may contain texts which feature more difficult vocabulary or greater complexity of style. Computer-Based IELTS (Academic or General Training) 1260 QAR: Refund / Cancellation / Transfer – more than 5 weeks before test day. Most employers and universities worldwide accept the academic version, while the general training version is accepted by government institutions and used for immigration. Duration: 2 hours and 45 minutes. Find a IELTS test prep tutor and start learning! Find tutors. IELTS examination 2022 assesses all reading, writing, listening, and speaking abilities in less than three hours. Overall band scores for IELTS Academic and IELTS General Training test takers in 2022 are shown here, together with scores for individual skills, according to. In IELTS, there are four papers: Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking. So, to achieve a certain band score, you will need to answer a certain number of questions correctly. IELTS is the world’s most popular English language test. Đăng Ký Thi IELTS> Tài liệu IELTS Reading General Training. Book your IELTS General Training test Ways to take your IELTS test Depending on your preference, you can now take your IELTS test either on paper or on a computer at over. If you take IELTS on paper, your Speaking test. Listening and Speaking tests are the same for IELTS Academic and IELTS General Training, but the Reading and Writing tests are different. The IELTS Writing Task 1 asks you to write a letter based on a given situation. Learn English : [IELTS General Training] Lesson 14 IELTS General Training Speaking Test - An Actual ExamWhen you register for IELTS test, you will be asked to select your city and date of preference. Writing. If you want to apply for a family of a settled person visa to the UK, you might need to take an IELTS Life Skills A1 test. Day 2 In the General Training Reading test there are 3 sections. IELTS General Training. IELTS 18 gives students the perfect opportunity to familiarise themselves with IELTS and practise examination techniques using authentic test material. Have a go at all four sections of the exam to get in some IELTS Reading practice, as well as Writing, Listening and Speaking practice ahead of your exam day. The availability of IELTS dates in India may differ for the Academic and General Training module. 32 (w) x 9. About the Writing section of the IELTS General Training test. It focuses mainly on assessing a person’s proficiency, confidence and comfort when communicating in English in daily situations that you are likely to encounter in a native English-speaking environment. And your essay will need to meet the same scoring. The test fee includes free exclusive preparation materials, free practice tests and much more. Each question carries one mark. Do đó bạn hãy học có mục đích, luôn phải xem mình đang học gì, đang. There are three parts in the test, with Part 1 containing two to three short texts, Part 2. Task 1 General Training. Most employers and universities worldwide accept the academic version, while the general training version is accepted by government institutions and used for immigration. IELTS nine-band scale Each band corresponds to a level of competence in English. The first 3 sections of the IELTS - listening, reading and writing - lasts 2 hours 40 mins. Sorry! We couldn't find the page you were looking for. IELTS General Training measures English language proficiency in a practical, everyday context. Task 1 Academic is a short report of a chart, graph, map table etc. Similarly, IELTS exam fees for Computer-delivered IELTS for UKVI have been revised to INR 16,500. IELTS General Training for UKVI - in centre (paper or computer) ZAR 5100. If you plan to study in secondary education, enroll in vocational training, move abroad for work or migrate to Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the UK or the USA, you might need to take an IELTS General Training. 99. On the other hand, take IELTS General Training if you plan to study in higher education, seek vocational training or want to migrate to Australia, New Zealand, Canada or the UK. International English Language Testing System (IELTS) adalah sistem tes Bahasa Inggris internasional yang terpopuler di dunia untuk keperluan studi, bekerja dan imigrasi. Once you decide on your preferred test type and location, pick the date that suits you the most. Visit IELTS Australia to find out more and book your test. In part one you are asked easy questions about everyday topics such as work, hobbies, the weather, travelling etc. Perfect for students at band 4. IELTS General Training Reading: In your GT IELTS Reading test, you will have three reading sections, each with 12-14 questions. ielts. by Liz 48 Comments. 시험일자 모듈 형식 시험장소 접수하기; 2023-11-28 A @ 9:00 AM: Computer IELTS Gangnam KRW ₩286,000The IELTS Preparation courses in this specialization are intended for those seeking to boost their scores on the IELTS exam. The International English Language Testing System examination, the Speaking test, will take an extra 10 to 15 mins, and includes 3. About. The General Training Writing test includes two tasks that are based on topics of general interest. to your landlord or employer, who you know) Formal (e. The many tips and strategies demonstrated in the courses will prepare you to. The IELTSx course offers a comprehensive introduction to the IELTS test, with over 80 hours of interactive practice materials. Part 1 is the first part of the test where. Ivy English School. Or check on Amazon from the below links. When you book your IELTS test with the British Council, the test will take place in an official British Council IELTS test centre. IELTS has over 4000 test locations in 140 countries across the globe. +95 9 751 444167. For example, suppose you get 30 out of 40 answers correct in IELTS Reading, also known as a raw score of 30. Find free practice tests, webinars run by IELTS Experts and more. Duration: 2 hours and 45 minutes. When you book your IELTS test with the British Council, the test will take place in an official British Council IELTS test centre. 11-15) and is a must-have study tool to achieve a high band score in IELTS. 2023-04-01: Task 1. By taking our free practice tests, you will get to know the test format, experience the. With the use of the audio script, weak points can be determined. A number of official online practice tests are available for both test types, Academic and General Training. Understand the test and improve your score with advice, tips and clear explanations. Fee. It covers both: - IELTS General Training - IELTS Academic. Hình thức thi. Book and pay. To make it convenient for our test takers, IDP has test centres in 75 test cities across India. Format: There are four sections to the test: Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking. IELTS Writing Task 2: it is the same for both Academic and General Training. Find a IELTS test prep tutor and start learning!Daegu Contact Tests Available Please note that prices can be subject to country or local tax, depending on your location. Test practice:General Training Writing Task 1 25 3 Present perfect past perfect simple; past perfect continuous 27 Test practice:Academic Reading 34. Part 2: a two minute talk on a familiar topic. One of your friends wants to apply for a job at a summer school camp as a sports trainer. Cách học IELTS Reading hiệu quả. General Training Reading & Writing Practice Test 1 Reading whether you are employed on a full-time, part-time or casual basis. Talk to us. Find out which test is best for you, and choose between our IELTS on paper and IELTS on computer which are both delivered in one of our official test centres. Candidates have to solve a problem, express ideas, or analyze viewpoints on a given topic in a short essay. The General Training texts include three sections, which you will again be asked 40 questions on. Get the help you need to maximise your IELTS score. Prepare for General Training Writing test with our official support tools. The link you followed may be broken or we may have removed the page. Duration: 2 hours and 45 minutes. Please be assured that we are working really hard to make it as safe as possible to. General Training Reading 3 sections, 40 items 60 minutes Academic Writing 2 tasks 60 minutes or General Training Writing 2 tasks 60 minutes Speaking 11 to 14 minutes Total Test Time 2 hours 44 minutes ACADEMIC TEST FORMAT Listening This test consists of four parts, each with ten questions. (60 minutes) The IELTS Reading test requires you to answer 40 questions and is designed to test you on an array of reading skills. Letters tend to be one of these types: Informal (e. describe the qualifications and experience that your friend has. Task 1 General Training. IELTS General & IELTS Academic: What's the difference? Jay from E2 Language and IELTS Expert Rocco discuss the two tests. Choose the IELTS General Training test if you wish to migrate to an English-speaking country, (e. Learn more . Corporate training. For both the IELTS Academic and IELTS General tests, the pattern of the reading section varies. The last component is a speaking test done in the presence of an examiner. 2023. There are three stages to booking your IELTS test: Check the availability and select your test date. Free online IELTS General Training Reading practice test - paper. You live in a room in college which you share with another student. IELTS on paper – Academic and General Training. IELTS General training (Tổng quát) là hình thức thi IELTS dành cho các đối tượng chuẩn bị đi định cư, làm việc tại nước ngoài. Book now. A formal style of writing is needed here. Book now. Try your first session today for $1. Cũng giống như cách luyện IELTS Listening, bạn cũng nên làm ít nhất 2 lần mỗi bài IELTS Reading, mỗi lần cách nhau 3-4 tuần. It contains two pieces of writing. Cambridge IELTS 11 General Training Student's Book with answers Ielts 5 Practice Tests, General Set 3 2017-05-26 Simone Braverman General Set 3 from 'High Scorer's Choice' series contains 5 full length IELTS practice tests (no. Lệ phí đăng kí thi ; 3.